Engine-casing.



F. E. WATTS 34 D. T. HASUNGS.

I ENGINE CASING; APPLICATION HLED OCT 2!, 1915.

Patented May 8, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

C1 ate 1mm; g

F. E. WATTS (a 0.1. HAsTmes.

ENGWE CASING.

APPLICATION FILED 001.21; 1915 1 3 95 ggg 8,

a SHEETS-SHEET J an F. E. WAWS D. T. HASTWGS.

ENGINE CASING.

APPLEGATION min 0612!. 191a.

Rammed May 8, 191?.

' a SHEETS-ISHEFT 3 FRANK E. WATTS AND DONALD T. HASTINGS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNGES, BY MESNE ASSEGNIVIENTS, TO HUIEP MOTOR CAB, CORPORATEON, 0F RICHMOND, V125}- GINIA, .l CQRPOBIATZGN 0F VIRGINIA.

ENGINE-@ASKNG.

Specification of Letters Patent.

latented May 83, Matt,

Application filer. October-21, 1915. Serial No. 57,155.

To aZZ whom 2'2? may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK. E. VVATTS and DONALD T. HAsTrNes, citizens of the United States. of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Vlayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Casings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to explosion engines and more particularly to engines of the V type.

The invention resides in an arrangement of the valve stems and actuating members therefor, which will permit ready access to these parts; in the novel construction and arrangement of the valve actuating members; in the provision of a valve actuating mechanism which will insure the valve operating members remainin in proper contact with the driving cams therefor when the engine is running at high speed, and which will avoid a detrimental pounding between the valves and their seats; in the novel arrangement of the exhaust passages; in the novel arrangement of the valve chambers; and in certain combinations of parts and details of construction as will more fully hereinafter appear.

In the drawings,-

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an engine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section therethrough;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation thereof.

A designates the crank case, B and C the opposed cylinder casings arranged upon op ilcsite sides of the crank case, forming what is known as the ifltype of engine, the particular structure herein sho being an eight cylinder engine. V-type of engine increases the w lth of the upper portion of the engine casing, and in order to minimize the width of the engine casing at the top, it is desirable to arrange the valves and the actuating mechanism therefor on the inner sides of the cylinders. It is also desirable to position a portion of the accessories within the space between the opposed cylinder casings, as this not only further condenses the parts butalso positions the accessories that they are readily accessible. However, with engines having the general arrangement of parts gust descriheclinoyv in induction conduit It has the branches ,o

quite common use, the accessories when po sitioned between the opposed cylinder casings, prevent ready access to the actuating mechanism for the valves so as to adjust such mechanism. lVe have therefore, so constructed and arranged the valves and the so actuating mechanism therefor that these parts are readily accessible.

, In the one embodiment of the invention, the valves D for each of the cylinders has the stem E thereof mounted for reciproca- 55 tion in a substantially horizontally-armnged bearing F. G is the crank shaft, H the cam shaft driven therefrom in any well known manner, and l are rockers having bearings J journaled upon a shaft K arranged parallel to the cam shaft H. Each of the rockers has an arm L provided with a bearing M for engaging a cam N on the cam shaft, while theother arm 0 on the rocker carries an adjustable bearing P that contacts with the to outer end of the valve stem E. The latwally-extending valve stems and the rockers are arranged within chambers Q on the inner side of the cylinder. lln the particular structure illustrated there are two of these so chambers for each set of cylinders and th e thereof connected to the cylinders between these chambers (see Fig. 1). The chambers Q, are so constructed as to provide free access to the parts contained therein, as by forming the, chambers with a detachable cover T. Furthermore with the arrangement shown, the chamber is iormed by a section ll thatis detachably connected to the cylinder casing as by bolts V. The chambers are llQW. ever, suiliciently restricted in width to permit the carbureter W, magneto X, or other 'iicccssories, to be arranged between the clnnnhers of the opposed cylinder casings. As will be readily seen upon reference to the drawings, the parts arranged between the, chambers do not prevent free access being had to such chambers.

Each of the valves Dwhich are of the ice puppet typeis held to its seat by a spring A. If this spring was employed to return the valve to its seat and also to hold the bearing M of'the rocker in engagementwith the actuating cam, it wouldhave to be of ice considerable tension. Particularly is this so it the motor is adapted for hi 'h speed] itis ObjeCtlOlltlfilg to place spring "the valve and its seat to a minimum, but

also permits the valve parts to be made com paratively light. A further advantage lies in the fact that the spring B at all times holds the bearing- Min contact with the cam, eliminating any tendency for pounding action between these parts. In order to permitthe valves to be engaged with their seats, the outer face of the engine casing is provided with openings C of a sufficient size to permit the valve to beinserted therethrough into engagement with its seat.

These openings are closed by a screwthreaded plug or cap member D.

To produce the best efficiency for high speeds it is desirable to have the path of the gas from the valve chamber a to the cylinder as direct as possible, and with the arrangement of valve and valve chamber shown, a very direct passage from the valve chamber a to the cylinder is had, and this passage is comparatively free from bends or turns.

- casings.

As before stated, in the V-type of engine it .is desirable not to arrange any parts on the outside of the cylinder casings, for this would increase the width. However, if the exhaust manifold is arranged adjacent the tops of the cylinder casings and upon the inner sides thereof, they tend to prevent free access to the parts between the cylinder Furthermore, if the exhaust manifolds communicate withthe engine casings adjacent the top, they must pass rearwardly of the end of the casing. Such an arrangement in motor vehicles causes the exhaust pipe to be so positioned as to materially heat the foot-board, producing an objectionable heating of the forward'inclosure, especially in the summer or warm months. therefore, so positioned the exhaust that. it

v will not be subject to these objections. Thus the exhaust branches F G of each of she cylinder casings lead from the inner face thereof to a common conduit or trunk I'- latter, but beneath the upper portion of the cylinder casing. This does not in any way increase the width of the casing, as will be seen upon reference to Fig. '2. Also such "an arrangement allows the portionof the We have from the foot-board and thereby. eliminates the tendency of the manifold to objectionably heat the forward inclosure.

As the exhaust branches F G and the trunk I are in effect inclosed within the cylinder casing, it is necessary to amply cool these parts. To this end a comparatively large water-j acket and chamber K is formed around the trunk I and the branches F G. These chambers communicate directly with the branches L of the water conduit.

From the foregoing description it will be readilyappreciated that an engine casing is provided which allows of highly condensing the parts and still permits ready access to the accessories arranged between the opposed cylinder casings and to the adjustable parts of the valve actUating' mechanism.

While we have shown and described a very desirable form of the invention, weelo not wish to limit the protection to the par ticular structure illustrated, but consider the invention to be of suflicient scope to embody various modifications.

What we claim as our invention is 2- 1. In a V-type of engine, the combination with the opposed cylinder casings, valves therefor, stems for the valves arranged on the inner side of the cylinder casing, and an adjustable means between the valve stems and said actuating mechanism positioned adjacent the top of said cylinder casing, and spaced chambers respectively associated with said cylinder casings within which said adjustable means is arranged, said chambers having removable portions providing access to said. means.

2. In a V-type of engine, the combination with the opposed'cylinder casings, valves therefor, a substantially horizontal stem for each valve positioned adjacent the upper end of the casing,.a rocker adjacent the lower end of the casin a journal for said rocker, said rocker being provided with an arm, an adjustable bearing carried by said arm and engaging the end of the valve stem, and said rocker having a second arm a cam shaft, and a cam on said shaft for hctuating said second arm.

3. In a V-type ofengine, the combination with the opposed cylinder casings, exhaust conduits for each of said casin'gs communieating with the cylinders upon the inner sides thereof, said exhaust conduit terminating in a discharge end positioned upon the outer side of said cylinder casing. V

4. In a V-type of engine, the combination with the opposed cylinder casings, exhaust conduits for each of said casings comrnumeating with the cylinders upon the. nner sides thereof, said exhaust condult terminating ina discharge end positioned upon the outer side and arranged beneath said cylinder casing. n

5. In a V-type of. engine, the combination mes es with the opposed cylinder CEtSlHgS'wtlm ea haust conduits of each of said casings cont municating with the cylinders upon-the ner sides thereof, said exhaust conduit being inclosed within the cylinderv casing and terminating in a discharge end positioned upon the outer side of said cylinder casing, and a comparatively large. Water-jacketing chamber surrounding said conduit.

6. In a V-type of engine, the combination with the opposed cylinder casings, of exhaust conduits for each of said casings communicating with the cylinders upon the inner sides thereof, said exhaust conduits being inclosed within the cylinder casing and terminating in discharge ends positioned upon the outerside of the respective cylin- 'der casings, comparatively large waterjacketing chambers surrounding said conduit, and a water inlet conduit communicating directly with each of said chambers.

7. In a V-type of" engine, the combination with separately formed opposed cylinder casings, exhaust conduits for each of said casings communicating with the cylinders upon the inner sides thereof and. cast in tegral with the respective casings, and a comparatively large water-jacketing chamber surrounding each of said exhaust conduits.

8. In a V-type of engine, the combination with separately formed opposed cylinder casings, exhaust conduits for each of said casings communicating with the cylinders upon the inner sides thereof and cast in tegral with the respective casings, each of said exhaust conduits terminating in discharge ends positioned upon the outer side of the corresponding cylinder casing, a comparatively large water-jacketing chamber surrounding each exhaust conduit, and a water inlet conduit communicating directly with each water-jacketing chamber.

9. In a V-typc of engine, the combination with the opposed cylinder casings and crank case, of valves for said casings, stems for the valves arranged on the inner sides of said casings, a cam shaft within the crank-casing, and rockers pivoted adjacent the junctures of the cylinder casings and crank case, each having a substantially vertical arm for engaging a valve stem and an arm extending inwardly to the cam shaft.

10. In aV-type of engine, the combination with opposed cylinder casings of a puppet valve inv each of said casings, laterally extending stems for said valves arranged adjacent the upper ends of said casings, a rocker coacting -with each of said stems, .each

of said rockers having an upwardly extend-- ing arm adapted to engage the'outer end of theassociatedvalve stem, and spaced chambers respectively associated with the op posed cylinder casings, within each of which the outer end of one of said valve stems and the arm engaging the same are arranged, each of said chambers including a removable closure.

to l

.11. In a V-type of engine, the combina integral therewith, said cylinder and hou'sing forming a detachable unit, a substantially horizontal valve rod carried by said unit, valve actuating rockers carried by said unit, a support for said rockers within said housing, and springs within said housing tending to displace said rockers from the valve rods.

18. Ina V-type ofengine, the combination witlr a crank-casing, of an inclined cyl-' inder detachably mounted upon said crankcasing, a bell crank mounted upon said cylinder having an arm exterior to the crankcasing and an arm projecting into the crank-casing, a valve actuable by the exterior arm, and actuating means within the crank-casing engaging the arm projecting into the same.

FRANK E. WATTS. DONALD T. HASTINGS. W'itnesses: J.- MITCHELL WATSON, PALMER E. IVINsLOW. 

